Definitions Hypothyroidism.
Hyperthyroidism is a condition characterized by abnormal thyroid hormone production low. There are many disorders that result in hypothyroidism. These disorders may directly or indirectly involve the thyroid gland. Because thyroid hormone affects growth, development, and many cell processes, inadequate thyroid hormone has widespread consequences for the body.
This article will focus primarily on hypothyroid adults. Thyroid Hormones Thyroid hormones produced by the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland is located at the bottom of the neck, below the Adam's apple. The gland wraps around the airways (trachea) and has a shape resembling a butterfly formed by two wing (lobes) and attached by a middle part (isthmus).
This article will focus primarily on hypothyroid adults. Thyroid Hormones Thyroid hormones produced by the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland is located at the bottom of the neck, below the Adam's apple. The gland wraps around the airways (trachea) and has a shape resembling a butterfly formed by two wing (lobes) and attached by a middle part (isthmus).
The thyroid gland takes iodine from the blood (which mostly come from foods such as seafood, bread, and salt) and use it to produce thyroid hormones. Two thyroid hormones the most important thing is thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) represent 99.9% and 0.1% of each of thyroid hormones. Hormones of the most biologically active (eg, the most effect on the body) is actually T3. Once removed from blood into the thyroid gland, a large amount of T4 is converted to T3 - the more active hormone that affects metabolism of cells.
Thyroid hormone regulation - the chain of command
\Thyroid itself regulated by another gland located in the brain, called the pituitary. In turn, the pituitary regulated in part by the thyroid hormone circulating in the blood of (a feedback effect of thyroid hormone in the pituitary gland) and partially by other gland called the hypothalamus, also a part of the brain.
The hypothalamus releases a hormone called thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH), which sends a signal to the pituitary to release thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). In turn, TSH sends a signal to the thyroid to release thyroid hormones. If the excessive activity of any of these three glands occurred, an amount of thyroid hormones can be produced excessive, thus resulting in hyperthyroidism.
The number or rate of thyroid hormone production is controlled by the pituitary gland. If there is an insufficient amount of thyroid hormone circulating in the body to allow for normal functioning, enhanced by the pituitary release of TSH in an attempt to stimulate the thyroid to produce more thyroid hormone. Conversely, when there is an excessive amount of circulating thyroid hormones, the pituitary release of TSH is reduced when trying to reduce thyroid hormone production.
The number or rate of thyroid hormone production is controlled by the pituitary gland. If there is an insufficient amount of thyroid hormone circulating in the body to allow for normal functioning, enhanced by the pituitary release of TSH in an attempt to stimulate the thyroid to produce more thyroid hormone. Conversely, when there is an excessive amount of circulating thyroid hormones, the pituitary release of TSH is reduced when trying to reduce thyroid hormone production.
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